Iji kwalite mgbasawanye sayensị nke mgbochi ọrịa cancer cervical maka ụmụ nwanyị tozuru oke na imeziwanye ahụike ụmụ nwanyị, okwu mgbochi mbụ nke ọrịa kansa cervical gosipụtara isiokwu nke “ezigbo ahụike, ezigbo ụlọ obí, na-eduga ọrụ nke mgbasa ozi sayensị. ” mepere na Beijing.Tan Xianjie, onye isi dibịa nke gynecology na obstetrics nke ụlọ ọgwụ Beijing Union Medical College, Zou Shien, onye isi dibịa nke gynecology na obstetrics nke Fudan University Affiliated Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, na Chen Qiuping, onye isi ngalaba nlekọta ahụike nke Liulitun Community Health Service Center. , Chaoyang District, Beijing, weere ọnọdụ iji kwalite ihe ọmụma banyere ọrịa cancer cervical na mgbochi nke ọha na eze n'ụdị ọhụrụ na okwu ọchị, na-enyere aka mee ngwangwa mkpochapụ nke ọrịa cancer cervical.
Ọnụọgụ nke ọrịa kansa cervical na-arị elu, na-egosi usoro dị obere
Ọrịa kansa cervical bụ etuto ọjọọ nke nwanyị na-enwekarị.Na 2020, a ga-enwe ihe dị ka 604000 ọhụrụ ọrịa kansa cervical na ọnwụ 342000 n'ụwa nile.N'afọ 2020, enwere ihe dị ka 110000 ọhụrụ ọrịa kansa cervical na China, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị nwụrụ na ya dị ihe dị ka 59000, na-aza 18% nke ọrịa kansa cervical zuru ụwa ọnụ yana 17% nke ngụkọta ọnwụ n'ihi ọrịa kansa cervical.Ka mmepe akụ na ụba na mmekọrịta ọha na eze nke China, mmepụta ihe na ime obodo na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu, ebe obibi ndụ na ndụ nke ndị bi na-agbanwe ngwa ngwa, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrịa cancer cervical na-aga n'ihu na-abawanye, na-egosi usoro ntorobịa, na nkezi afọ na-aga n'ihu.
N'afọ 2020, Healthtù Ahụ Ike wa kwuputara Strategy Global for Accelerating the mkpochapụ nke ọrịa kansa cervical.N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, China etinyela aka na ahụike ụmụ nwanyị ma tinyesie ike n'ọrụ dị iche iche atumatu mgbochi ọrịa kansa cervical na ihe ndị bụ isi.Na Jenụwarị 2023, National Health Commission na ngalaba 10 ndị ọzọ nyere ọkwa maka ibipụta na nkesa Action Plan maka Accelerating the Eradication of Cervical Cancer (2023-2030), nke gosipụtara n'ụzọ doro anya na site na 2030, ọrụ pilot nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV maka A ga-aga n'ihu na-akwalite ụmụ agbọghọ toruo akwụkwọ;Ọnụego nyocha nke ọrịa kansa cervical na ụmụ nwanyị gbara akwụkwọ ruru 70%;Ọnụọgụ ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa kansa cervical na ọnya ndị na-ebute ụzọ ruru 90%.
Tan Xianjie rụtụrụ aka na ọ bụ ezie na ọrịa cancer cervical dị ize ndụ, enwere ohere atọ iji gbochie ya, ya bụ, mgbochi nke atọ, ya bụ, mgbochi bụ isi iji belata ọrịa HPV site na ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa HPV na ụdị ndụ ahụike, mgbochi nke abụọ na oge kwesịrị ekwesị. chọpụta ma mesoo ọnya ndị na-ebute ụzọ site na nyocha ọrịa kansa cervical, yana mgbochi ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị iji mee ịwa ahụ na ọgwụgwọ redio maka ọrịa kansa cervical ekwenyesiri ike.
Tinye ọgwụ mgbochi ngwa ngwa o kwere mee, ejidela ọgwụ mgbochi HPV dị ọnụ ahịa
China bụ obodo nwere ọnụọgụ ọgwụ mgbochi HPV kacha akwadoro n'ụwa.Enwere ọgwụ mgbochi HPV ise maka ụmụ nwanyị dị afọ 9 ruo 45, gụnyere ọgwụ mgbochi HPV bivalent, ọgwụ mgbochi HPV anọ, ọgwụ mgbochi HPV nke itoolu na ọgwụ mgbochi HPV bivalent abụọ.Ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosi na site na 2018 ruo 2020, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV na China mụbara kwa afọ, site na nde 3.417 na 2018 ruo 12.279 nde doses na 2020, mana ọnụ ọgụgụ ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ahụ ka kwesịrị imeziwanye.
Zou Shien kwuru na ụfọdụ ndị enyi nwanyị siri ọnwụ na-echere ọgwụ mgbochi HPV dị ọnụ ahịa kama ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi, yabụ na ha tufuru "oge ọla edo" iji gbochie ọrịa kansa cervical.Anyị kwesịrị izere kpuru ìsì ichere ọgwụ mgbochi HPV dị ọnụ ahịa, nke na-agaghị aba uru mfu ma ọ bụrụ na a bute ya n'usoro ichere.Anyị kwesịrị ịgba ndị mmadụ ume ka ha rube isi n'ụkpụrụ nke "ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi mbụ na nchebe mbụ", wee họrọ mgbanwe dị ka akụrụngwa ọgwụ mgbochi na ọnọdụ akụ na ụba nke ha si dị.
Na China, ihe karịrị 84.5% nke ọrịa cervical squamous cell carcinoma na-ejikọta ya na ọrịa HPV 16 na 18.N'akụkụ a, Zou Shien rụtụrụ aka na HPV16 na HPV18 bụ ụdị kachasị mkpa nke ụdị ihe egwu dị elu nke HPV, yana bivalent, anọ-valent na itoolu-valent ọgwụ HPV nwere ike kpuchie.Ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa HPV bivalent nwere ike igbochi ọtụtụ ọrịa kansa cervical na ọnya ndị na-ebute ụzọ, na mgbochi ọrịa cancer 'zuru oke'.N'agbanyeghị ọnụahịa ọgwụ mgbochi ọ bụla, ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi mbụ "bara uru".
Mee ngwa ngwa ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa n'oge nwata wee kwalite usoro mgbochi na nchekwa nke ọrịa kansa cervical
Dịka “onye nche ọnụ ụzọ” ahụike ndị bi, ụlọ ọrụ ahụike obodo na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na mgbochi ọrịa kansa cervical na ọkwa ahịhịa.Site n'ime ihe omume dịka mgbasa ozi sayensị ọrịa kansa cervical cancer na ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV, ọ na-agbasa ozi sayensị, nke ziri ezi ma dị irè maka ọrịa cancer cervical ma na-akwalite ọnụego ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa nke HPV.N'otu oge ahụ, ịnye ọrụ ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV maka ụmụ nwanyị toruo akwụkwọ bụkwa otu n'ime ọrụ dị mkpa nke ngalaba nlekọta ahụike nke ụlọ ọrụ ahụike obodo.
Chen Qiuping mere ka ọ pụta ìhè na ugbu a, ụlọ ọrụ ahụike obodo nwere ike ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV na-ebubata na nke ụlọ;N'otu oge ahụ ọrịa sayensị na-ewu ewu, site n'enyemaka nke ikpo okwu ndoputa n'ịntanetị, ọtụtụ ndị chọrọ ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa HPV ga-enweta ọwa ndoputa ngwa ngwa.Nyere aka mee ngwangwa mkpochapụ nke ọrịa kansa cervical site na ịkwalite ọrụ ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa HPV na-aga n'ihu."Anyị na-echetakwa ụmụ nwanyị nke afọ kwesịrị ekwesị iji belata oge ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa ma zere ịhapụ oge ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi kachasị mma n'ihi ịnọgidesi ike na-echere ọgwụ mgbochi HPV dị oke ọnụ."
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọrịa kansa cervical na-eto eto, ọtụtụ ụmụ nwanyị amalitela ịkpọta ụmụ ha ka ha jụọ maka ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV.Na nzaghachi, Chen Qiuping kwuru na akwụkwọ ọnọdụ na ọgwụ mgbochi HPV nke Òtù Ahụ Ike Ụwa nyere kwusiri ike na ndị bụ isi e lekwasịrị anya maka ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV bụ ụmụ agbọghọ ndị dị afọ 9 ruo 14, na akwadoro dose abụọ nke ọgwụ mgbochi HPV.Usoro ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa a na-akawanye mma ma dịkwa mma, nke dị oke mkpa maka ịkwalite nnweta ọgwụ mgbochi yana ọnụego ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa.
Mgbochi nke ọrịa kansa cervical ekwesịghị ịbụ “otu ogbugba,” kama ọ kwesịrị ịrapagidesi ike na nyocha mgbe niile
Ka emechara mgbochi mbụ nke ọgwụ mgbochi HPV, jikọtara ya na nyocha ọrịa kansa cervical mgbe niile maka mgbochi nke abụọ, ọ dịkwa oke mkpa igbochi ọnya ọrịa kansa cervical n'oge mmalite na mmalite nke ọrịa kansa.Enwere ike nyochaa ọrịa kansa cervical site na ule HPV cervical na ule TCT (nnwale cell Layer nke mmiri mmiri dabere).Iji chọpụta ọnya na-ebute ọrịa cervical na ọrịa cancer nke cervical ozugbo enwere ike, ndị ọkachamara na-atụ aro ka a na-enyocha ụmụ nwanyị karịrị afọ 25 bụ ndị nwere mmekọahụ mgbe niile.Ha nwere ike ịga na ngalaba cervical, ngalaba gynecology ma ọ bụ ngalaba ahụike ụmụ nwanyị nke ụlọ ọgwụ wee mepụta atụmatụ nyocha dịka ndụmọdụ ndị dọkịta siri dị.
Tan Xianjie kwuru na mgbochi ọrịa kansa cervical ekwesịghị ịbụ “otu ogbugba”.Ụmụ nwanyị ndị tozuru etozu bụ ndị nwere mmekọahụ dịkwa mkpa ka a na-enyocha ọrịa kansa cervical mgbe ha mechachara ọgwụ mgbochi HPV.N'ozuzu, a na-atụ aro ka ịlele otu ugboro n'afọ abụọ ma gbanwee ugboro ole dịka nsonaazụ nke nyocha mbụ si dị.Nchọpụta mbụ na ọgwụgwọ ọrịa kansa cervical nwere ike inyere ndị ọrịa aka iwepụ ọrịa ahụ ozugbo enwere ike ma belata ọnwụ nke ọrịa cancer cervical.Zou Shien tụkwara aro na ọ dịghị mkpa ịtụ ụjọ mgbe achọpụtara ọrịa HPV ma ọ bụ ọnya cervical, naanị gaa na ụlọ ọrụ ahụike oge niile.Ma ọ bu HPV ma ọ bụ na o bughị ya, enwere ike igbochi ọrịa kansa cervical site na ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi HPV yana nyocha ọrịa kansa cervical.
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Oge nzipu: Mee-17-2023